The first King's Speech of the new Parliament showcased the profound impact that campaigning can have on shaping legislation.
It was striking just how many key pieces of new legislation either originated or were shaped by the tireless efforts of campaigners and activists.
Whilst many of these Bills are not specific to Scotland, at the Sheila McKechnie Foundation we understand that often the context and environment surrounding campaigning can be just as important to success as your tactics. As such, what happens in Scotland will have an impact in other parts of the UK, and vice versa. Campaigns around housing in Scotland have served as roadmaps for campaigns in England; the actions of Glaswegians protecting community members from deportation may have inspired residents of a little village in Yorkshire; and there is always much to be learnt from each other.
The Hillsborough Law, which introduces a duty of candour on public servants, is a testament to the persistent efforts of those affected by the Hillsborough disaster. For years, survivors and families of the 97 victims have fought for transparency and accountability following the tragic events of 1989. Key figures such as Margaret Aspinall and the Now Hillsborough campaign were instrumental in bringing this legislation to fruition. This law aims to ensure that public servants are legally required to be honest and open, preventing cover-ups and fostering a culture of accountability.
In the aftermath of the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing, which claimed the life of Martyn Hett, his mother, Figen Murray, campaigned for improved security in public spaces. Her efforts, including a 200-mile walk to Westminster, highlighted significant vulnerabilities in public safety. Now, the Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Bill will mandate stronger security measures in public buildings, aiming to prevent future tragedies and protect lives.
The Renters’ Rights Bill, aimed at ending 'no fault' evictions, marks a significant victory for housing campaigners like Shelter and Crisis who have long advocated for renters' security. This legislation protects tenants from being evicted without a valid reason, providing them with greater stability and peace of mind. At the same time, the Government announced a Planning and Infrastructure Bill, which will include measures to increase the overall supply of housing ‘of all tenures’. Housing activists have tirelessly campaigned for more affordable homes and more secure tenancies for decades.
Campaigns for improved public transport have led to the introduction of the Better Buses Bill and steps towards the renationalisation of train franchises in the Railways Bill. Organisations like the RMT union, ACORN union, Campaign for Better Transport, Urban Transport Group, and We Own It have been pivotal in advocating for these changes. These bills aim to enhance the quality, accessibility, and affordability of public transport, making it a viable option for more people and reducing environmental impact.
The Water (Special Measures) Bill seeks to hold water companies accountable for their environmental impact. The government aims to transform the water industry and restore the health of rivers, lakes, and seas. Campaigns led by River Action UK and activists like Feargal Sharkey, and the work of citizen scientists across the UK, have brought the pollution and mismanagement of water resources to the forefront of public attention, pushing for legislative action to protect these vital natural resources.
A new bill to update the existing Mental Health Act, championed by Mind Charity and other mental health advocates, aims to ensure that mental health receives the same focus and attention as physical health. The campaign for mental health equality has been ongoing for years, and this legislation marks a significant step towards more comprehensive and inclusive healthcare.
The efforts of unions and campaigning organisations like Pregnant Then Screwed and Maternity Action have secured crucial changes in employment law. Legislation now requires employers to make flexible working the default, ensuring all employees can access paternity and maternity leave/pay, and extends the time limit to raise a tribunal claim from three to six months. These changes are vital for supporting working parents and promoting a fairer, more inclusive workplace.
The Children’s Wellbeing Bill addresses various issues that have been campaigned on for years. This includes free breakfast clubs in every primary school, changes to the school uniform policy, and a crackdown on illegal schools. These measures, championed by organisations like Magic Breakfast and the Children's Society, aim to protect and support vulnerable children.
The transformative power of campaigning is evident in the recent legislative developments highlighted in the King's Speech. Campaigners and activists should remember they play a crucial role in setting the legislative agenda across the UK, showing what’s possible, and driving forward changes to address pressing social issues and improve the lives of citizens.
Seth Farsides is Policy and Research Officer at the Sheila McKechnie Foundation. A version of this article also appears on their website.
